计算机科学引论（2005影印版）|奥利里|高等教育出版社

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计算机科学引论（2005影印版）

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作者：奥利里	出版社：高等教育出版社
译者：	丛书名：
出版日期：2004-7-22	上架日期：2006-8-22 14:45:00
ISBN：7040145987	页数：版次：1-1
开本：16开	装帧：平装

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内容简介
本书概括地介绍了计算机科学与信息技术的主要领域、各种应用及其对社会的影响。全书由15章和一些附录组成，主要内容包括：信息技术概述；因特网、万维网与电子商务；基本应用软件（包括字处理、表处理、数据库管理系统、文字和图形演示、集成化软件包等）；专用软件（包括图形图像处理、音频与视频、多媒体、Web创作以及虚拟现实和专家系统等新兴应用）；操作系统等系统软件；计算机系统组成部件；输入/输出及相关外部设备；外部存储设备；通信与网络技术；信息系统（包括事务处理系统、管理信息系统、决策支持系统、管理支持系统等）；数据库与应用；系统分析与设计；程序设计与程序语言；与信息技术有关的社会、组织、职业、道德、法律、安全和环境等问题；计算机发展简介；个人计算机购机与升级指南等。书中大量的图示、精心的版式设计，使各种概念、技术、设备等一目了然。每章之后附有综合性的图示小结、重要词汇和术语列表、丰富的复习题、思考题和网上实习等。
本书内容丰富，体裁新颖，叙述简练清楚，英语语言规范流畅。书中比较全面地覆盖了计算机科学与信息技术领域中基本的名词和术语，尤其是目前十分流行和最新的一些概念和词汇。本书既可作为计算机、信息管理及相关专业计算机导论课程的教材，也可作为相应专业的计算机英语教材。

目录
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Chapter 1  Information Technology, the Internet, and You
  Information Systems
  People
    Making IT Work for You:Information Technology Topics
  Software
    System Software
    Application Software
  Hardware
    Types of Computers
    Microcomputer Hardware
  Data
  Connectivity, the Wireless Revolution, and the Internet
    A Look to the Future: Using and Understanding Information Technology Means Being Computer Competent
  Visual Summary
  Key Terms
  Chapter Review
  Using Technology
  Expanding Your Knowledge
  Building Your Portfolio

Chapter 2  The Internet, the Web, and Electronic Commerce
  The Internet and the Web
  Access
    Providers
    Browsers
  Communication
    E-Mail
    Discussion Groups
    Making IT Work for You: Instant Messaging
  Search Tools
    Search Engines
    Metasearch Engines
    Specialized Search Engines
  Electronic Commerce
    Web Storefronts
    Web Auctions
    Security
  Web Utilities
    Telnet
    FTP
    Plug-ins
    Filters
    A Look to the Future: Internet2 Will Be a High-Performance Network
  Visual Summary
  Key Terms
  Chapter Review
  Using Technology
  Expanding Your Knowledge
  Building Your Portfolio

Chapter 3  Basic Application Software
  Application Software
    Common Features
    Web-based Applications
    Making IT Work for You: Web-based Applications
  Word Processors
    Features
    Case
  Spreadsheets
    Features
    Case
  Database Management Systems
    Features
    Case
  Presentation Graphics
    Features
    Case
  Integrated Packages
    Case
  Software Suites
  Sharing Data between Applications
    Copy and Paste
    Object Linking and Embedding
    A Look to the Future: Web-based Application Software Updates Ease Maintenance
  Visual Summary
  Key Terms
  Chapter Review
  Using Technology
  Expanding Your Knowledge
  Building Your Portfolio

Chapter 4  Specialized  Application Software
  Graphics
    Desktop Publishing
    Image Editors
    Illustration Programs
    Image Galleries
    Graphics Suites
  Audio and Video
  Multimedia
    Links and Buttons
    Developing Multimedia Presentations
    Multimedia Authoring Programs
  Web Authoring
    Web Site Design
    Making IT Work for You: Personal Web Sites
    Web Authoring Programs
  Emerging Applications
    Virtual Reality
    Knowledge-based (Expert) Systems
    Robotics
    A Look to the Future: The Future of Artificial Intelligence Is Emotional
  Visual Summary
  Key Terms
  Chapter Review
  Using Technology
  Expanding Your Knowledge
  Building Your Portfolio

Chapter 5  System Software
  System Software
  Operating Systems
    Features
    Categories
    Windows
    Mac OS
    UNIX and Linux
  Utilities
    Windows Utilities
    Utility Suites
    Making IT Work for You: Virus Protection
  Device Drivers
    A Look to the Future: IBM Builds an Aware Supercomputer
  Visual Summary
  Key Terms
  Chapter Review
  Using Technology
  Expanding Your Knowledge
  Building Your Portfolio

Chapter 6  The System Unit
  System Unit
  Electronic Data and Instructions
    Binary Coding Schemes
  System Board
  Microprocessor
    Specialty Processors
  Memory
    RAM
    ROM
    CMOS
  System Clock
  Expansion Slots and Cards
    Making IT Work for You: TV Tuner Cards and Video Clips
  Bus Lines
    Expansion Buses
  Ports
    Standard Ports
    Cables
  Power Supply
    A Look to the Future: Xybernaut Corporation Makes Wearable Computers a Reality
  Visual Summary
  Key Terms
  Chapter Review
  Using Technology
  Expanding Your Knowledge
  Building Your Portfolio

Chapter 7  Input and Output
  What Is Input?
  Keyboard Entry
    Keyboards
    Features
  Pointing Devices
    Mouse
    Joystick
    Touch Screen
    Light Pen
  Scanning Devices
    Optical Scanners
    Bar Code Readers
    Character and Mark Recognition Devices
  Image Capturing Devices
    Digital Camera
    Digital Video Camera
  Digitizing Devices
    Graphics Tablets
    Digital Notebooks
  Audio Input Devices
    Voice
    Making IT Work for You: Digital Photography
    Music
  What Is Output?
  Monitors
    Features
    Cathode-Ray Tube
    Flat-Panel Monitor
    Other Monitors
  Printers
    Features
    Ink-Jet Printer
    Laser Printer
    Thermal Printer
    Other Printers
  Audio-Output Devices
  Combination Input and Output Devices
    Fax Machines
    Multifunction Devices
    Internet Telephone
    Terminals
    A Look to the Future: Neural Signals Inc. Creates Brain-Machine Interface
  Visual Summary
  Key Terms
  Chapter Review
  Using Technology
  Expanding Your Knowledge
  Building Your Portfolio

Chapter 8  Secondary Storage
  Storage
  Floppy Disks
    Traditional Floppy Disk
    High Capacity Floppy Disk
  Hard Disks
    Internal Hard Disk
    Hard-Disk Cartridges
    Hard-Disk Packs
    Performance Enhancements
  Optical Disks
    Compact Disc
    Digital Versatile Disc
    Making IT Work for You: Music from the Internet
    DataPlay
  Other Types of Secondary Storage
    Solid-State Storage
    Internet Hard Drives
    Magnetic Tape
    A Look to the Future: Blu-Ray Technology Expected to Replace DVD
  Visual Summary
  Key Terms
  Chapter Review
  Using Technology
  Expanding Your Knowledge
  Building Your Portfolio

Chapter 9  Communications and Networks
  Communications
    Connectivity
    The Wireless Revolution
    Communication Systems
  Communication Channels
    Physical Connections
    Wireless Connections
  Connection Devices
    Modems
    Types of Connections
  Data Transmission
    Bandwidth
    Protocols
  Networks
    Terms
  Network Types
    Local Area Networks
    Home Networks
    Metropolitan Area Networks
    Wide Area Networks
    Making IT Work for You: Home Networking
  Network Architecture
    Configurations
    Strategies
  Organizational Internets: Intranets and Extranets
    Intranets
    Extranets
    Firewalls
    A Look to the Future: Toyota and Sony Create Wireless Robotic Car
  Visual Summary
  Key Terms
  Chapter Review
  Using Technology
  Expanding Your Knowledge
  Building Your Portfolio

Chapter 10  Privacy and Security
  People
  Privacy
    Large Databases
    Private Networks
    The Internet and the Web
    Major Laws on Privacy
    Making IT Work for You: Spyware Removal
  Security
    Computer Criminals
    Computer Crime
    Other Hazards
    Measures to Protect Computer Security
  Ergonomics
    Physical Health
    Mental Health
    Design
  The Environment
    The Green PC
    Personal Responsibility
    A Look to the Future: Presence Technology Makes Finding People Easy
  Visual Summary
  Key Terms
  Chapter Review
  Using Technology
  Expanding Your Knowledge
  Building Your Portfolio

Chapter 11  Information Systems
  Organizational Information Flow
    Functions
    Management Levels
    Information Flow
  Computer-Based Information Systems
  Transaction Processing Systems
  Management Information Systems
  Decision Support Systems
  Executive Support Systems
  Other Information Systems
    Case Study: Information Systems at DVD Direct
    A Look to the Future: Information Overload
  Visual Summary
  Key Terms
  Chapter Review
  Using Technology
  Expanding Your Knowledge
  Building Your Portfolio

Chapter 12  Databases
  Data
  Data Organization
    Key Field
    Batch versus Real-Time Processing
  Databases
    Need for Databases
    Database Management
  DBMS Structure
    Hierarchical Database
    Network Database
    Relational Database
    Multidimensional Database
    Object-Oriented Database
  Types of Databases
    Individual
    Company or Shared
    Distributed
    Proprietary
    Web Database
  Database Uses and Issues
    Strategic Uses
    Security
    Case Study: Databases at DVD Direct
    A Look to the Future: Xperanto Makes Database Searches Easier
  Visual Summary
  Key Terms
  Chapter Review
  Using Technology
  Expanding Your Knowledge
  Building Your Portfolio

Chapter 13  Systems Analysis and Design
  Systems Analysis and Design
  Phase 1: Preliminary Investigation
    Defining the Problem
    Suggesting Alternative Systems
    Preparing a Short Report
  Phase 2: Analysis
    Gathering Data
    Analyzing the Data
    Documenting Systems Analysis
  Phase 3: Design
    Designing Alternative Systems
    Selecting the Best System
    Writing the Systems Design Report
  Phase 4: Development
    Acquiring Software
    Acquiring Hardware
    Testing the New System
  Phase 5: Implementation
    Types of Conversion
    Training
  Phase 6: Maintenance
  Prototyping and Rapid Applications
  Development
    Prototyping
    Rapid Applications Development
    Case Study: Systems Analysis and Design at DVD Direct
    A Look to the Future: Rapid Change
  Visual Summary
  Key Terms
  Chapter Review
  Using Technology
  Expanding Your Knowledge
  Building Your Portfolio

Chapter 14  Programming and Languages
  Programs and Programming
    What Is a Program?
    What Is Programming?
  Step 1: Program Specification
    Program Objectives
    Desired Output
    Input Data
    Processing Requirements
    Document Program Specifications
  Step 2: Program Design
    Top-Down Program Design
    Pseudocode
    Flowcharts
    Logic Structures
  Step 3: Program Code
    The Good Program
    Coding
  Step 4: Program Test
    Syntax Errors
    Logic Errors
    Testing Process
  Step 5: Program Documentation
  Step 6: Program Maintenance
    Operations
    Changing Needs
  CASE and OOP
    CASE Tools
    Object-Oriented Software Development
  Generations of Programming
  Languages
    Machine Languages: The First Generation
    Assembly Languages: The Second Generation
    High-Level Procedural Languages: The Third Generation
    Problem-Oriented Languages: The Fourth Generation
    Natural Languages and Visual Programming Languages: The Fifth Generation
    Case Study: Programming at DVD Direct
    A Look to the Future: MI-tech Takes the Pain Out of Programming
  Visual Summary
  Key Terms
  Chapter Review
  Using Technology
  Expanding Your Knowledge
  Building Your Portfolio

Chapter 15  Your Future and Information Technology
  Changing Times
  Technology and Organizations
    New Products
    New Enterprises
    New Customer and Supplier Relationships
  Technology and People
    Cynicism
    Naivete
    Frustration
    Proactivity
  How You Can Be a Winner
    Stay Current
    Maintain Your Computer Competency
    Making IT Work for You: Locating Job Opportunities Online
    Develop Professional Contacts
    Develop Specialties
    Be Alert for Organizational Change
    Look for Innovative Opportunities
    A Look to the Future: Maintaining Computer Competency and Becoming Proactive
  Visual Summary
  Key Terms
  Chapter Review
  Using Technology
  Expanding Your Knowledge
  Building Your Portfolio

The Evolution of the Computer Age
The Buyer's Guide: How to Buy Your Own Microcomputer System
The Upgrader's Guide: How to Upgrade Your Own Microcomputer System

Appendix
Glossary
Credits
Index

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